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磺(huang)胺(an)(an)類是合成的抑菌(jun)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)，抗菌(jun)譜(pu)廣，對(dui)大多數革蘭(lan)氏陽性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)許(xu)多革蘭(lan)氏陰性(xing)(xing)細(xi)菌(jun)有(you)效。但個(ge)別菌(jun)種的菌(jun)株(zhu)可能(neng)對(dui)其耐(nai)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)。磺(huang)胺(an)(an)類通過(guo)競(jing)爭性(xing)(xing)抑制葉酸代謝(xie)循環中(zhong)的對(dui)氨基苯(ben)甲(jia)酸而抑制細(xi)菌(jun)性(xing)(xing)增殖。細(xi)菌(jun)對(dui)各種磺(huang)胺(an)(an)類藥(yao)(yao)(yao)物(wu)的敏感性(xing)(xing)都相(xiang)同，對(dui)一種磺(huang)胺(an)(an)類耐(nai)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)意味著對(dui)所有(you)的磺(huang)胺(an)(an)類藥(yao)(yao)(yao)物(wu)耐(nai)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)。大多數磺(huang)胺(an)(an)類藥(yao)(yao)(yao)物(wu)經(jing)口服吸收良好(hao).但可溶性(xing)(xing)磺(huang)胺(an)(an)鹽類為強堿性(xing)(xing),對(dui)組(zu)織(zhi)有(you)刺激(ji)作用,故難以用于胃腸外途徑。磺(huang)胺(an)(an)類標準品即是對(dui)食物(wu)和(he)(he)動物(wu)組(zu)織(zhi)中(zhong)的磺(huang)胺(an)(an)類藥(yao)(yao)(yao)物(wu)的殘(can)留進行檢測。